
How did a Central American country smaller than West Virginia go from one of the worst deforestation rates on Earth to doubling its forest cover in a single generation, and what did it pay landowners to make it happen?
Costa Rica's forest cover collapsed to 21 percent by 1987, then rebounded to about 59 percent by the early 2020s. A 1996 forestry law and a 1997 payment program funded largely by a fuel-tax slice — administered by FONAFIFO — paid landowners to keep trees standing.







