
The 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry went to two scientists who had figured out how to reprogram a bacterial defence system against viruses into a pair of molecular scissors that can cut the DNA of any living organism with programmable precision
In October 2020, Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna became the first all-female team to share the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, honored for turning a bacterial defense against viruses into CRISPR-Cas9 — programmable molecular scissors that can cut the DNA of any organism on Earth.







